The Core and Development Trends of Intelligent Manufacturing
Intelligent manufacturing, originating from the research of artificial intelligence, is generally believed to be the sum of knowledge and intelligence. The former is the foundation of intelligence, while the latter refers to the ability to acquire and apply knowledge to solve problems. There are currently some differences in the definition of intelligent manufacturing among different countries. China's definition of intelligent manufacturing:Intelligent manufacturing is a new production method based on the deep integration of new generation information and communication technology and advanced manufacturing technology, which runs through various aspects of manufacturing activities such as design, production, management, and service. It has functions such as self perception, self-learning, self decision-making, self execution, and self adaptationThis definition represents the authoritative recognition of intelligent manufacturing by the Chinese government.
Background of the proposal of intelligent manufacturing
When the Japanese industrial sector proposed intelligent manufacturing systems in 1989, the concept of "intelligent manufacturing" was first introduced; In 1992, the United States implemented a new technology policy aimed at promoting the upgrading of traditional industries and cultivating emerging industries, which involved information technology and new manufacturing processes, intelligent manufacturing technology, etc. Based on existing literature, the United States and Japan are pioneers in intelligent manufacturing.
By 2013, Germany officially launched "Industry 4.0" at the Hanover Industrial Fair, aimed at enhancing Germany's industrial competitiveness. Intelligent manufacturing, as a national strategy, has begun to receive attention from countries around the world. From the relevant literature of Industry 4.0 in Germany, the core of its strategy is intelligent manufacturing technology and intelligent production mode, aiming to organically connect products, machines, resources, and people through two types of networks: "Internet of Things" and "Service (Service) Network", build a Cyber Physical Fusion System (CPS), achieve digitalization of the entire product lifecycle and manufacturing process, and end-to-end integration based on information and communication technology, thus forming a highly flexible (flexible, reconfigurable), personalized, digital, and networked production mode for products and services. Based on the definition of intelligent manufacturing by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, it can be seen that intelligent manufacturing is the core of Industry 4.0.
2. The Core of Intelligent Manufacturing
Intelligent manufacturing should include intelligent manufacturing technology and intelligent manufacturing systems. Intelligent manufacturing systems can not only continuously enrich the knowledge base in practice, but also have self-learning functions, as well as the ability to collect and understand environmental information and their own information, and analyze, judge, and plan their own behavior
The realization of intelligent manufacturing mainly depends on two basic capabilities: industrial manufacturing technology and industrial Internet. The former includes advanced equipment, advanced materials, and advanced technology. This is the basis for determining manufacturing boundaries and manufacturing capabilities; The latter includes intelligent sensor control software and hardware, new industrial network, industrial Internet platform, etc. Fully leveraging the potential of industrial equipment, technology, and materials, improving production efficiency, optimizing resource allocation efficiency, creating differentiated products, and achieving value-added services are key.
Therefore, the industrial Internet is regarded as the foundation of intelligent manufacturing. It can be understood that intelligent manufacturing is an intelligent industrial ecosystem, including industrial Internet, materials, design and technology. Previously, the vigorous development of intelligent manufacturing in China has laid a good network foundation for the development of industrial Internet and provided a good development environment.
3. Current Status of Intelligent Manufacturing Development in China
China's intelligent manufacturing is developing rapidly and its development strategy is clear. On December 8, 2016, the "Development Plan for Intelligent Manufacturing (2016-2020)" jointly formulated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance of China was promulgated. According to the "Plan", China will implement a "two-step" strategy to promote the development of intelligent manufacturing before 2025. The first step is to significantly enhance the foundation and supporting capabilities for the development of intelligent manufacturing by 2020. Key areas of traditional manufacturing will basically achieve digital manufacturing, and significant progress will be made in the intelligent transformation of key industries with conditions and foundations; The second step is to establish a basic support system for intelligent manufacturing by 2025, and achieve initial intelligent transformation in key industries.
The Plan requires achieving four specific goals:
Goal 1: Achieve breakthroughs in intelligent manufacturing technology and equipment. Develop a batch of key technology equipment for intelligent manufacturing, with strong competitiveness and a domestic market satisfaction rate of over 50%. Breakthrough a batch of key common technologies in intelligent manufacturing. The domestic market satisfaction rate of core supporting software exceeds 30%.
Goal 2: The development foundation has been significantly strengthened. The standard system of intelligent manufacturing is basically complete, more than 200 intelligent manufacturing standards have been formulated (revised), and the industrial Internet and information security assurance system for manufacturing industry have been initially established.
Goal 3: The initial formation of an intelligent manufacturing ecosystem. Cultivate more than 40 system solution suppliers with main business revenue exceeding 1 billion yuan and strong competitiveness, and establish a basic team of intelligent manufacturing talents.
Goal 4: Significant achievements have been made in the development of key areas. The penetration rate of digital R&D design tools in key areas of manufacturing exceeds 70%, the CNC rate of key processes exceeds 50%, the penetration rate of digital workshops/smart factories exceeds 20%, and the operating costs, product development cycles, and product defect rates have been significantly reduced.
From a macro perspective, manufacturing is the main battlefield of the digital economy. In recent years, the digital basic capabilities of manufacturing enterprises have steadily improved, and the digitalization rate and networking rate of manufacturing equipment have continued to increase. According to the "New Momentum for High Quality Development: 2020 China Digital Economy Development Report" by Forward looking Industry Research Institute, in 2019, the digitalization rate of production equipment, key process CNC rate, and digital equipment networking rate of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 47.1%, 49.5%, and 41.0% respectively, and the popularization rate of digital R&D design tools in industrial enterprises reached 69.3%. The digitalization rate index directly reflects the progress speed of China's intelligent manufacturing transformation and upgrading.
China has formed a series of advanced manufacturing industry clusters. According to the research results of CCID Research Institute on the spatial distribution of advanced manufacturing clusters in China, a general pattern of spatial distribution of advanced manufacturing clusters characterized by "one belt, three cores, and two supports" has been formed. The core area around the Bohai Sea mainly includes provinces and cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, and Shandong, and is an important advanced manufacturing research and development, design, and manufacturing base in China. Among them, Beijing focuses on advanced manufacturing and high-tech research and development, Tianjin focuses on aerospace industry, Shandong focuses on intelligent manufacturing equipment and marine engineering equipment, and Liaoning focuses on intelligent manufacturing and rail transit. The core area of the Yangtze River Delta, with Shanghai as the center and Jiangsu and Zhejiang as the two wings, is mainly prominent in the fields of aviation manufacturing, marine engineering, and intelligent manufacturing equipment, forming a relatively complete R&D, design, and manufacturing industry chain. The advanced manufacturing industry in the core areas of the Pearl River Delta is mainly concentrated in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, and Jiangmen, with clusters mainly focused on special ships, rail transit, aviation manufacturing, CNC system technology, and robots. The central supporting regions are mainly composed of Hunan, Shanxi, Jiangxi, and Hubei, with outstanding industrial strength in aviation equipment and rail transit equipment. The western support region is centered around Sichuan and Shaanxi, mainly composed of Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Chongqing, forming a certain scale industrial cluster of rail transit and aerospace industries.
Source: Unique Yi Zhi (Public Number)
