What is the difference between the central government's deployment of a new round of "trade in" and the past?
News from China News Service:The recently held fourth meeting of the Central Committee for Finance and Economics proposed to encourage and guide a new round of large-scale equipment updates and consumer goods trade in.
Why is there a need for a new round of large-scale equipment updates and consumer goods trade in at this time? What's different from before? Who will benefit?
Why implement it?
Actually,The Central Economic Work Conference to be held at the end of 2023 proposed to promote large-scale equipment upgrades and trade in of consumer goods by improving standards for technology, energy consumption, emissions, and other aspects.
At the fourth meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Commission, specific arrangements were made, emphasizing the need to strike a good policy combination punch, promote the continuous increase of the proportion of advanced production capacity, increase the entry of high-quality durable consumer goods into residents' lives, recycle waste resources, and significantly improve the quality and level of national economic circulation.
The reason for promoting a new round of large-scale equipment updates and exchanging old for new consumer goods is not only a practical need to drive investment and consumption, but also an important measure to promote high-quality development.
Luo Zhiheng, Chief Economist and Dean of the Research Institute of Yuekai Securities, told China News Finance that the overall macroeconomic situation in China is in the post epidemic recovery period, and the trend of recovery and improvement has not changed. However, it faces some difficulties and challenges, especially insufficient effective demand, weak willingness of residents to consume and enterprises to invest. Promoting a new round of large-scale equipment updates and trade in of consumer goods will help to coordinate the expansion of effective demand and supply side structural reform, consolidate the foundation of economic recovery and improve, and accelerate the green transformation of the economy.
也就是说，此举将有力促进投资和消费，既利当前、更利长远。
资料图：工人对下线的产品进行检测。张进刚 shoot
有何不同？
会议要求，要坚持市场为主、政府引导，坚持鼓励先进、淘汰落后，坚持标准引领、有序提升。
强调“市场为主、政府引导”，新一轮大规模设备更新和消费品以旧换新突出了更强的市场导向。
罗志恒认为，这是为了避免一刀切、运动式导致政府对市场的挤压，要通过政策引导让市场主体根据市场需要来决定，这样的更新换代才可持续，有商业逻辑支撑，有利于提高财政金融资源效率，避免可能导致的新的产能过剩。
“我们将加强支持引导，以提高技术、能耗、排放等标准为牵引，推动打通以旧换新的难点堵点，稳定和扩大传统消费，更好地满足消费品换新、升级的需要，这一切都将在尊重消费者意愿的基础上来推进。”商务部有关负责人在1月26日的国新办发布会上如此指出。
新一轮大规模设备更新和消费品以旧换新，亦更加强调“标准引领”。
It is worth noting that,2月份，国家发改委等部门印发了《重点用能产品设备能效先进水平、节能水平和准入水平(2024年版)》，将用能产品设备能效水平划分为先进水平、节能水平、准入水平三档。指导各地区和相关企业实施产品设备更新改造，鼓励更新改造后达到能效节能水平，并力争达到能效先进水平。
国家信息中心宏观经济研究室副主任邹蕴涵撰文表示，上一轮以旧换新活动处于大件耐用品全民普及的阶段，以促进普及特别是农村普及为主，而本轮以旧换新处于耐用品需求升级的阶段，从追求“有没有”变为看重“好不好”，特别是追求智能化、绿色化。
汽车资料图。中新社记者 陈文 shoot
谁会受益？
会议指出，要推动各类生产设备、服务设备更新和技术改造，鼓励汽车、家电等传统消费品以旧换新，推动耐用消费品以旧换新。推动大规模回收循环利用，加强“换新+回收”物流体系和新模式发展。对消费品以旧换新，要坚持中央财政和地方政府联动，统筹支持全链条各环节，更多惠及消费者。
老百姓很关心汽车、家电等传统消费品的以旧换新，这其实是今年促消费的一个重点。
商务部有关负责人指出，我国汽车和家电市场已从单纯的“增量时代”进入到“增量和存量并重时代”。2023年，汽车保有量约3.4亿辆，冰箱、洗衣机、空调等主要品类家电保有量超过30亿台，一些家电使用了十多年、二十年，更新换代的需求和潜力很大。
中航证券首席经济学家董忠云认为，政策鼓励有助于消费者更换老旧产品、提升购买新产品的意愿，特别是家电、汽车等耐用消费品的购买，能够对社会整体消费规模形成明显的带动效应。
根据相关部门的统计，2009年6月，为扩大内需，保持经济平稳较快发展，促进资源综合利用和循环经济发展，国家出台了汽车、家电“以旧换新”政策。2010年，两项政策继续实施，效果显著，共拉动消费1700多亿元。
邹蕴涵认为，本轮以旧换新活动吸纳了上一轮活动落地实践中的经验，强调中央财政和地方政府联动，强调“统筹支持全链条各环节”。进一步优化本轮政策设计，充分激发生产企业、平台企业、回收企业、拆解企业以及消费者等多方积极性，给予各个参与方实实在在的支持，将良好的政策初衷落到实处。
Information source: China News Network
