Precise policy implementation for a virtuous cycle of the economy
Last year's Central Economic Work Conference proposed to smooth the circulation of the national economy, accelerate the construction of a unified, open, competitive and orderly modern market system, improve the financial system's ability to serve the real economy, and form a virtuous cycle of domestic market and production entities, economic growth and employment expansion, and finance and the real economy.
How to enhance effective supply to meet market demand? How does economic growth drive employment? How effective is financial support for the real economy? The reporter conducted an interview.
Grasp market demand, add momentum to industrial upgrading
Xie Yuxiao is the deputy chief engineer of the olefin plant at Liaoning Fushun Petrochemical Company. The factory used to mainly produce raw materials for fruit trays, plastic pots, and other products, with a profit of only a few hundred yuan per ton. If we continue like this, the prospects for the factory are bleak. In this industry, commonly known as "mass market materials", the added value is low and the market is not tight.
They found through research that the bottle cap material market has great potential, with an annual demand of 250000 tons in the East China region alone. Bottle cap material is 300 yuan more expensive per ton than 'common material'! Factories need to keep up with market demand and pursue personalized products.
As of now, the new product has increased the factory's profit by 18.73 million yuan. It is this small bottle cap that has turned the factory's losses into profits, "said Xie Yuxiao.
Enterprises that keep up with market trends and adapt to market demands have more opportunities to operate and develop well. In the daily consumption of residents, products that are of high quality, personalized, and more in line with consumer tastes are also very popular.
According to statistics from a large online shopping platform, from June 1st to 18th, the transaction volume of dust removal products such as floor cleaning robots and window cleaning machines priced over 3000 yuan on the platform increased by over 200% year-on-year; The sales volume of household dishwashers with functions such as sterilization, drying, and high-capacity ultra fast washing increased by up to 500% year-on-year.
E-commerce platforms can leverage data advantages and information technology to actively conduct consumer market analysis, provide more accurate demand information for manufacturers, and better match consumer demand, "said Wang Wei, director of the Market Economy Research Institute of the Development Research Center of the State Council.
当前，我国的供需结构正在转变，低层次的产品、产业面临转型升级，高品质产品和新兴产业正快速发展，但有效供给仍需进一步增加。王微认为，要通过供给创新来满足消费者多元化、个性化的需求，为市场提供品类更多、品质更好的有效供给，促进消费规模扩大和消费升级。“新消费的快速形成和增长又能为优质企业带来发展空间，带动新产业、新业态蓬勃发展，进而形成市场与生产主体的良性循环，推动经济高质量发展。”
利好政策落地，企业发展促就业
“一段时间里，公司都像是在‘走钢丝’，经营压力大，想要发展壮大更是困难。”荣华彩色包装印务股份有限公司是湖北的一家小微企业。公司负责人向利说，过去公司体量小、利润低、融资难、抗风险能力较弱。
国家大力支持小微、民营企业发展，减税降费等政策精准落地，为企业带来利好。“以今年减税降费政策为例，公司最高可减免约10万元税款。”向利计划多雇几名技术娴熟的工人，“公司发展壮大，也要更多人才加入进来。”
湖北枝江市双枝客运有限责任公司财务负责人周勇也有相似的感受。他说，有了好政策的支持，公司做强做大的信心也不断增强。“公司计划发展乡村市场，购置更多乡村客运车辆、增加乡村客运线路。这样一来，既能提供就业岗位，也有利于更好带动乡村经济发展。”
今年以来，我国城镇调查失业率有所下降，外出务工农村劳动力继续增加。一季度，全国城镇新增就业人员324万人。3月份，全国城镇调查失业率为5.2%，比上月下降0.1个百分点；3月末，外出务工农村劳动力总量17651万人，比上年同期增长1.2%，增速比上年同期加快0.1个百分点。
“经济增长与就业扩大有着密不可分的联系。随着减税降费等政策落地，经济活力进一步释放，企业扩大雇佣量的意愿会显著增强，促进就业稳定；而劳动力市场健康、高效的发展，也能够为经济长期稳定增长树立信心。”北京大学光华管理学院应用经济学系教授陈玉宇认为，下一步，还要全面加强就业服务，精准施策抓好就业；持续优化营商环境，更好发挥企业这一稳就业主体的作用，促进经济增长和就业增加良性循环。
金融活水滴灌，实体经济增活力
大学毕业后在郑州工作了三年的孙均政，不久前回到家乡河南内乡县，依托当地盛产中药蒲公英的有利条件，开起了网店。然而，备货、营销、仓储物流，用钱的地方多，资金成了摆在他面前的一道难关。
“没想到，网店平时收付款就为我积累了信用额度，我很顺利地拿到了20万元贷款。”网商银行与当地开展“智慧县城”合作，为孙均政这样的“小老板”解决了难题。靠着这笔钱，熬过了创业初期的艰难，小店生意越来越好，去年销售额近100万元，“生意做得好，不光自己高兴，种药材的乡亲们也能一同增收。”孙均政说。
人民银行最新发布的数据显示，今年我国普惠小微贷款保持较快增长，信贷支持的小微户数持续增加。截至5月末，普惠小微贷款余额10.3万亿元，同比增长21%，增速比上年末高5.8个百分点，五家国有大型银行对普惠型小微企业贷款余额比去年底增长23.7%，已完成全年计划的大部分，平均利率4.79%，较去年全年下降0.65个百分点；普惠小微贷款支持小微经营主体2363万户，同比增长35.4%。中小银行也在小微金融领域发力。
中国人民大学重阳金融研究院副院长董希淼认为，金融对实体经济的支持力度不断加大，小微、民营企业迎来了发展良机，金融业也正回归本源。“金融是实体经济的血脉，为实体经济服务是金融的天职。更好地支持实体经济，促进实体经济健康发展，金融业才能有牢固的发展根基。”
加强金融风险防范是支持小微企业等实体经济薄弱环节的必然要求。截至5月末，全国金融机构单户授信1000万元以下小微企业贷款不良率为5.9%。对此，董希淼认为，要把防范化解金融风险和服务实体经济更好结合起来，“应培育银行小微金融服务能力，运用现代信息技术提高风险管控能力，增强对小微企业金融服务的持续经营。”
信息来源：政府网
He Yang/Organizing
