Industrial Internet enabled manufacturing industry This year, the economic added value of related industries will increase to 3.78 trillion yuan
At present, a new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution is accelerating, and industrial Internet technology is constantly making breakthroughs, which has injected new impetus into the economic innovation and development of countries, and also provided new opportunities for promoting the integration and development of global industries. How about the overall construction of China's industrial Internet? Where should efforts be made to better empower the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry?
Editor's note: In the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, with the accelerated recovery of production and living order in various regions, and the rapid development of new industries and formats, China's economy has shown tremendous resilience. Online education and telecommuting have flourished, and industrial Internet and online medical care have continued to grow, injecting new momentum into development and promoting high-quality economic development. This edition will now launch a series of reports on the new changes brought about by digital transformation in different industries.
In recent years, China's industrial Internet has developed well, which has effectively improved the level of industrial integration and innovation, accelerated the pace of digital transformation of the manufacturing industry, and effectively promoted the high-quality development of the real economy.
Entering the fast lane of development
Top 10 Key Platforms Serve Nearly 80000 Industrial Enterprises
Entering the Xichang Steel Vanadium Production Workshop of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group, a production line connected to the industrial brain is running in an orderly manner, achieving real-time data monitoring and parameter optimization in multiple production processes such as desulfurization, alum extraction, converter, alloying, and refining. During the pilot phase, only three processes were optimized to achieve a 1 kilogram reduction in raw materials per ton of steel production.
Connecting to cloud and internet is more important for achieving traceability of production data, "explained Wang Yue, a senior strategic expert at Alibaba Cloud Research Institute. Once quality issues are discovered, they can be quickly identified and restored in the production process, greatly improving quality inspection accuracy and reducing return costs. Taking steelmaking as an example, Pangang saved 17 million yuan annually after accessing the industrial Internet.
In the view of Liu Duo, president of the China Academy of Information and Communication, the industrial Internet is a new industrial ecology, key infrastructure and new application model that is deeply integrated with the new generation of information technology and industrial economy. In recent years, with the strong promotion of the country and the active participation of all parties involved in industry, education, research and application, the innovative development of China's industrial Internet has entered the fast lane.
From the perspective of platform construction, more than 500 industrial Internet platforms with distinctive features and diverse capabilities have been fostered, including more than 70 platforms with certain industry and regional influence, nearly 80000 industrial enterprises served by ten major platforms, 1110 industrial models, and 2124 industrial APPs.
从融合应用来看，5G与工业互联网的融合进入实施阶段，建设超过10万个5G基站，在工业、交通、医疗等行业和领域，已形成上百个5G创新应用场景。
从安全保障来看，已发布30余项工业互联网安全相关标准，初步形成对百余个工业互联网平台、900余万台联网设备的实时监测能力，共服务9万多家工业企业。
转型还有两道坎
数字化改造成本偏高，中小企业数字化程度偏低
企业通过数字化改造，能有效推动生产模式升级，并深入挖掘工业数据的资源价值。对不少传统制造企业来说，走好依靠工业互联网转型之路还需迈过两道坎。
第一道坎是企业对于改造成本与带来效益的权衡。
“改造的成本是多少?谁来承担改造费用?改造完又能带来多少价值?这是一些制造企业进行数字化改造所普遍关心的问题。”坤湛科技创始人兼CEO闵万里认为，企业对成本非常敏感，在收益不明确的情况下，先投入巨大资金承担改造费用，是许多企业尤其是中小企业想要改造却迟迟不改的原因。
在腾讯工业云总经理李向前看来，传统制造业更专注于自身业务，对工业互联网的认识更多从解决业务本身问题出发，如提升生产效率、降低生产成本、提高产品质量，进而带来可观的效益。这就要求平台从企业业务需求出发，从解决企业痛点出发，为企业量身定做专属的改造方案。
中小企业数字化程度偏低是工业互联网改造的第二道坎。
“目前我国企业特别是中小企业的数字化水平较低，有超过55%的企业尚未完成基础的设备数字化改造。此外，行业间整体数字化发展水平差距较大，超过50%的制造企业的数字化尚处于单点试验和局部推广阶段。”中国工业互联网研究院院长徐晓兰说，一些中小微制造企业发展较为粗放，利润率较低，无法承受数字化转型和新技术应用的高昂成本，导致缺乏数字化转型的动力。
从产业链来看，王岳认为，目前的数字化改造多为单兵突进，上下游联动较少，难以产生协同效应，限制了数字化转型的整体效益。
产业迎来新机遇
夯实基础设施体系建设，强化人才智力支撑
复工复产过程中，制造业企业看到了工业互联网发挥的重要作用。利用工业互联网不仅能有效提升生产效率，降低用工密度，而且一些大型工业互联网平台快速延展供需对接功能，汇聚各地信息，根据需求实现精准匹配，从而有力拉动生产。
“疫情倒逼制造企业对效率提升的需求激增，因此能够做到降本增效的数字化解决方案将会广受欢迎。”瞄准产业发展新机遇，闵万里开始尝试工业互联网在不同场景的落地可能。
前不久，坤湛科技在直播平台做出尝试，将制鞋企业的生产线直播出来，消费者下单后立刻在生产线上排产。“从用户看到样品下单，再到生产线感知用户需求，实现精准响应，全链条同频共振，打破了生产制造商和客户彼此看不见对方的壁垒。”闵万里说。
不仅是市场利好，工业互联网也正在迎来新一轮政策红利。早在2018年中央经济工作会议就强调，要加强人工智能、工业互联网、物联网等新型基础设施建设。今年《政府工作报告》再次明确提出加强新型基础设施建设，发展新一代信息网络。
“开展以工业互联网为代表的新型基础设施建设是推动经济新旧动能转换的强劲推手，并具有投资拉动效应。”徐晓兰介绍，据测算，2019年，我国工业互联网的产业经济增加值规模已达3.41万亿元。2020年，该数据将增至3.78万亿元。
前景可期，机遇已现。如何推动工业互联网进一步发挥作用?
基础设施是推进工业互联网的关键。徐晓兰说，需要着力打造工业互联网国家级创新体系。加强软硬件核心技术攻关，加快推动关键网络设备和智能网联装备的研发及产业化，推动长期卡脖子的各类工业软件加快突破。同时，也应着重建设包括工业数据管理服务、评估服务、产业监测服务及检测认证服务在内的四大类公共服务平台。
人才是工业互联网发展的支撑。闵万里建议，应将包括科研人员和产业专家在内的智力资源精准匹配到产业的薄弱环节、基础环节中，如基础材料科学、高端装备制造业等，强化工业互联网技术的智力支持。
