Jack Ma: New manufacturing will redefine the manufacturing industry

The picture shows Jack Ma giving a speech at the 2018 Hangzhou Yunqi Conference.

　　On September 19th, the 2018 Hangzhou Yunqi Conference with the theme of "Driving Digital China" opened in Yunqi Town, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. This year's Yunqi Conference features a main forum, cutting-edge summit, sub forums, ecological technology exhibition, Yunqi Xiami Music Festival, Yunqi Intelligent Sports Games and other activities, covering many cutting-edge innovation fields such as cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, financial technology, blockchain, etc. More than 60000 guests from 64 countries around the world shared their digital technology innovation achievements together.
　　Jack Ma, Chairman of Alibaba Group, comprehensively elaborated for the first time on his in-depth thinking on "new manufacturing", which is mainly reflected in five aspects: new manufacturing is a manufacturing industry based on the DT era ideology; New manufacturing will redefine the manufacturing industry; New manufacturing is a service manufacturing industry; The trade war is fought for old manufacturing; Innovation must strictly guard against 'Ye Gong is fond of dragons'.
　　New manufacturing is a manufacturing industry based on the DT era concept
　　In the next thirty years, application transformation will penetrate into all aspects, not only technological changes, but also ideological and consciousness changes. Jack Ma elaborated on the significant differences between the IT era and the DT era.
　　He stated that IT is about controlling the future, while DT is about creating the future; IT has turned people into machines, while DT wants to turn machines into humans; The IT era has promoted the development of manufacturing, while the DT era is about to give birth to creativity; The IT era relies heavily on knowledge, while the DT era aims to harness human wisdom; In the IT era, I am the main focus, while in the DT era, altruism is the main focus. DT is platform ideology, but platform is not scale, platform is altruism, it is to make others do better. IT requires standardization and scalability, while DT requires uniqueness, personalization, and flexibility. New manufacturing is a manufacturing industry based on the ideas of the DT era.
　　Under the trend of technological change, relying on traditional resource consuming enterprises is bound to become increasingly difficult and challenging. Ma Yun reminded entrepreneurs that the manufacturing industry cannot be complacent with the status quo, especially now some manufacturing industries use the Internet to expand their marketing and drive a certain amount of sales, but this does not mean that they have the ability of tomorrow. The successful manufacturing industry in the future must make good use of the Internet IoT、 New manufacturing enterprises in cloud computing and big data. He emphasized that it's not the manufacturing industry that doesn't work, it's the backward manufacturing industry that doesn't.
　　New manufacturing will redefine manufacturing
　　New manufacturing will redefine the manufacturing industry, including redefining customer markets, redefining supply chains, and redefining operations and services. "It is a technological revolution, either the combination of Internet enterprises and traditional industries or new manufacturing, or the addition of chips in a product or new manufacturing," Ma Yun said, "The standard for defining new manufacturing is whether enterprises achieve customization, personalization and intelligence on demand."
　　工业时代人类发明了流水线，可以规模化、标准化生产，数据时代同样也是流水线，但是流水线上却是个性化的生产。工业时代考验的是生产一种产品的能力，而数据时代考验的是生产不一样产品的能力。以前流水线五分钟生产2000件同样的衣服就很厉害，今后五分钟要生产2000件不同的衣服就更厉害。
　　马云表示，按需制造的核心是数据，以前制造业靠电，未来的制造业靠数据，数据是制造业必不可少的生产资料，以前制造业发展好不好是看电力指数，未来则是看数据，看计算指数。驱动未来制造业的是数据，大数据是生产资料，云计算是生产力，互联网是生产关系。大数据不是数据大，是计算大，只有计算能力强，大计算加云计算才是今天所说的大数据。
　　新制造是服务制造业
　　过去制造业和互联网企业互相看不上，传统制造业讲“没有我们，哪来的电子商务？”，电子商务说“没有我们，你们到底卖给谁？”未来不管看得上还是看不上，双方都需要结合起来过日子，因为谁也离不开谁。未来的算法专家不是在互联网公司内部工作，而是在车间里面写代码。
　　新制造是服务制造业，未来没有纯制造业，也没有纯服务业，不能再寄希望于制造业创造就业，因为未来的制造业可能都是人工智能、机器人，未来真正创造就业的主要力量是服务业。新零售是线上和线下的融合，但制造业不是我们想象中的实体和虚拟的融合，而是制造业和服务业的完美结合。
　　“新制造的竞争力不在于制造本身，而是在于制造背后的思想、体验、感受以及服务能力。”马云表示，“只要是标准化的机器，都可以取代，但是体验、服务和创新创造是机器未必能够替代的。”
　　贸易战是为旧制造而打
　　当前，中美贸易摩擦广受关注，这也将对制造业带来影响。针对这一问题马云表示：贸易战是为旧制造而打。贸易摩擦是技术革命带来的必然，是中美两国成长过程当中的必然，长达三四十年的中美贸易发展到今天这样的规模，没有矛盾是不正常的，有矛盾是非常正常的。
　　而新制造将从根本上颠覆价值创造的模式。以前是制造者主导，未来是消费者主导。制造者主导的时候，是大企业得益；消费者主导的时候，是有技术创新的中小企业受益。新制造不是大企业的独家专利，而会变成中小企业的制胜法宝。
　　在贸易摩擦中，肯定会有很多中小企业很困难。但是马云认为，困境中会诞生一批优秀的企业，那些用了新的思想、新的理念、新的技术的企业，一定会成为未来的赢家。所有了不起的企业都是经过经济周期性的灾难，或者是经历过灾难的企业，否则，即使今天做得很大，也未必能够赢在未来。
　　马云表示，本次贸易摩擦不可能在两个月、两年内解决，要有二十年的长期思想准备。踏踏实实做好自己，也要有长期的思想准备。二十年，足够让任何一个企业成为未来的阿里巴巴，成为未来的亚马逊。
　　“贸易的驱动者不是哪个工厂、哪个企业，而是成千上万的消费者。当制造业没有了国界，贸易成为人人参与的时候，规则就需要重塑，传统的贸易战将不再存在。”马云说。
　　创新要严防“叶公好龙”
　　新技术是新生产力，但创新要严防“叶公好龙”。马云提出，无论是政府还是企业，创新最大的阻力不是包容失败、包容错误，而是需要明确知道，要防止昨天落后的利益群体如何设计、设下各种陷阱，来阻碍、破坏新的生产力。所以保护落后力量，往往会成为破坏创新最重要的因素。
　　“不是中国的制造业不行，而是落后的制造业不行；不是中国没有创意，而是你没有创意，不是今天中国的年轻人不努力，而是我们这些人不够努力。新制造的班车已经启动，如果不加速自己，不去拥抱未来的变化，不改革自己，我相信未来十到十五年，大家都会哭天喊地。”马云如是说。

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