Xi Jinping: Adhere to and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity
Adhere to and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity
Xi jinping
This plenary session listened to the work report of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, analyzed the current situation and tasks, and deliberated and passed the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Adhering to and Improving the Socialist System with Chinese Characteristics, Promoting the Modernization of the National Governance System and Governance Capacity", successfully completing various agendas.
Adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, are major issues related to the prosperity and development of the Party and the state, the long-term stability of the country, and the happiness and well-being of the people. The decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to conduct research and deployment on this major issue at a plenary session is a major decision made from a comprehensive consideration of politics, the overall situation, and strategy, based on the current situation and with a long-term perspective. The decision passed at this plenary session comprehensively answers the major political question of what should be adhered to and consolidated, improved and developed in China's national system and governance system. It is a Marxist manifesto and a Marxist political manifesto. The whole party should unify its thoughts and actions with the spirit of the plenary session, and make studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session an important political task to be done well and implemented.
Next, on behalf of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, I would like to share some opinions on studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session.
1、 Strengthen confidence in the socialist system with Chinese characteristics
The ancients said, "When establishing a country, the system cannot be ignored." Institutional advantage is the greatest advantage of a country, and institutional competition is the most fundamental competition between countries. A stable system leads to a stable country. In the 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the fundamental reason why the Chinese nation has achieved a great leap from standing up, becoming prosperous to becoming strong is that the Party has led the people to establish and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, formed and developed the Party's leadership and various systems in the economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilization, military, foreign affairs, and continuously strengthened and improved national governance.
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC was held in Beijing from October 28 to 31, 2019. General Secretary of the Central Committee Xi Jinping delivered an important speech. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng/Photo
The choice of a country's national system and governance system is determined by its historical culture, social nature, and level of economic development. The socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system did not fall from the sky, but grew up in the soil of Chinese society. They were formed through long-term practice of revolution, construction, and reform, and are the product of combining the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific reality. They are the result of the unity of theoretical innovation, practical innovation, and institutional innovation, embodying the wisdom of the Party and the people, and have profound historical logic, theoretical logic, and practical logic.
Firstly, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system have a profound historical background.In the thousands of years of historical evolution, the Chinese nation has created a brilliant ancient civilization and formed rich ideas about the national system and governance, including the Great Way and the ideal of universal harmony, the tradition of the six contract style and the unity of the four seas and one family, the idea of moral governance with morality as the mainstay and punishment as the supplement, the people-oriented ideology of valuing the people over the ruler and nurturing the people through politics, the concept of equality between the rich and the poor, the pursuit of justice that is not noble and the rope is not bent, the moral ethics of filial piety, brotherly love, loyalty, propriety, righteousness, integrity, and shame, the standards for appointing people based on merit and selecting capable individuals, the reform spirit of the Zhou Dynasty's old state and its mandate for reform, and the spirit of personal care. The diplomatic approach of benevolence towards neighbors and harmony among nations, the peace concept of valuing harmony and fighting for war will lead to destruction, and so on. The essence of these thoughts is an important part of the excellent traditional Chinese culture and an important part of the Chinese national spirit. After the introduction of Marxism into China, the proposition of scientific socialism was warmly welcomed by the Chinese people and ultimately rooted in the land of China, blossoming and bearing fruit. It is not accidental, but rather integrated with the excellent historical and cultural heritage that has been passed down for thousands of years and the values that the vast majority of the people do not realize in their daily lives. Marx had a keen observation of the revolutionary slogans with socialist elements proposed by ancient Chinese peasant uprisings. He said, 'Chinese socialism may be like Chinese philosophy and Hegelian philosophy to European socialism.'.
China has long been in a leading position in the history of human development. Since ancient times, it has gradually formed a complete set of national systems and governance systems, including the imperial court system, county system, land system, tax system, imperial examination system, supervision system, military system, and other aspects, which have been learned and imitated by neighboring countries and ethnic groups. After entering modern times, feudal rule became corrupt and incompetent, and imperialist powers invaded, leading to China gradually becoming a semi colonial and semi feudal society, and the monarchical autocratic system that had ruled China for thousands of years fell into a comprehensive crisis. Faced with increasingly profound political and national crises, countless benevolent individuals have begun to explore new national systems and governance systems in order to change China's future destiny. They have tried various institutional models such as constitutional monarchy, parliamentary system, multi-party system, and presidential system, but all have ended in failure.
Only after the founding of the CPC did the Chinese people and the Chinese nation find the right path to achieve national independence, people's liberation, national prosperity and people's happiness. During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, our party united and led the people to establish people's political power in the base areas, explored the establishment of new democratic economic, political, and cultural systems, and accumulated valuable experience for the establishment of a new national system in which the people are the masters of the country in New China. After seizing national power, our party united and led the people to formulate the "Common Program" and the 1954 Constitution, which determined the national system, political form, and structural form, and established the organizational system of state power. Our party has further united and led the people to carry out socialist transformation, established the basic socialist system, successfully achieved the most profound and great social change in Chinese history, and laid the fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all development and progress in contemporary China. Since the reform and opening up, our party has united and led the people to create socialism with Chinese characteristics, continuously improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system, making contemporary China shine with unprecedented vitality.
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing from October 28 to 31, 2019. This is Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji, Han Zheng, etc. on the rostrum. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng/photo
Overall, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system are guided by Marxism, rooted in the Chinese land, have a profound foundation in Chinese culture, and have won the support of the people. They are the fundamental achievements of the Party and the people's long-term struggle, relay exploration, going through countless hardships, and paying a huge price. We must cherish them, unwaveringly adhere to them, and keep pace with the times for development.
Secondly, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system have significant advantages in multiple aspects.The plenary session systematically summarizes the development achievements and significant advantages of China's national system and governance system, with the aim of promoting the firm institutional confidence of the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups in the country, and enabling the significant advantages of China's national system and governance system in various aspects to be fully utilized. Long term maintenance and continuous enhancement of these advantages are the direction of our efforts to adhere to and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.
To judge whether a system is good or not, and whether it is superior or not, one should judge and grasp it from a political and overall perspective. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said in "Reform of the Party and State Leadership System" in 1980, "Our goal in carrying out socialist modernization construction is to catch up with developed capitalist countries economically, create higher and more practical democracy in politics than in capitalist countries, and cultivate more and better talents than in these countries." "Whether the various systems of the Party and the state are good or not, and whether they are perfect or not, must be tested by whether they are conducive to realizing these three points. In 2014, I also said at the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the National People's Congress: "To evaluate whether a country's political system is democratic and effective, it mainly depends on whether the national leadership can be replaced in an orderly manner in accordance with the law, whether all the people can manage national and social affairs, manage the economy and cultural undertakings in accordance with the law, whether the people can express their interests and demands smoothly, whether all aspects of society can effectively participate in national political life, whether national decision-making can be scientifically and democratically implemented, whether talents from all walks of life can enter the national leadership and management system through fair competition, whether the ruling party can achieve leadership over national affairs in accordance with the Constitution and laws, and whether the exercise of power can be effectively restricted and supervised
The reason why China's national system and governance system have significant advantages in various aspects is that our party, in long-term practice and exploration, insists on combining the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific reality, organically unifying the exploration of the correct path, the development of scientific theories, and the construction of effective systems. We use localized Marxism and developing Marxism to guide the construction of national systems and governance systems, continuously deepen our understanding of the laws of Communist Party governance, socialist construction, and human social development, and timely transform successful practical experience into institutional achievements, so that China's national system and governance system not only reflect the basic principles of scientific socialism, but also have distinct Chinese characteristics, national characteristics, and era characteristics.
Always representing the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people, ensuring that the people are the masters of the country, reflecting the common will of the people, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the people are the essential attributes of China's national system and governance system, and also the fundamental basis for the effective operation and vitality of China's national system and governance system. China's national system and governance system always focus on achieving, safeguarding and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, and strive to safeguard and improve the people's livelihood, so that the fruits of reform and development will benefit all people more and more equitably. Therefore, it can effectively avoid party disputes, interest groups favoritism, manipulation of a few political "elites" and other phenomena, and has unparalleled progressiveness.
We have never excluded any other country's national governance experience that is conducive to China's development and progress. Instead, we have insisted on putting ourselves first and using them for our own purposes, eliminating the dross and selecting the essence. For example, during the period of socialist construction, China's national system and governance system drew on and absorbed many beneficial experiences from the Soviet Union. Since the reform and opening up, we have continuously expanded our opening-up to the outside world, organically combining the socialist system with the market economy. This not only fully leverages the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, but also better plays the role of the government, greatly liberating and developing social productive forces and enhancing social vitality.
From November 6 to 7, 2018, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Shanghai. This is the afternoon of the 6th, Xi Jinping learned about Shanghai's urban fine management and international trade single window operation at the Pudong New Area Urban Operation Comprehensive Management Center. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xueren/Photo
One major difference between scientific socialism and utopian socialism is that it is not a fixed dogma, but rather views socialism as a constantly improving and developing practical process. After the end of the Cultural Revolution, Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said, "Our party and people have fought with blood for many years and established the socialist system. Although this system is still imperfect and has been destroyed, in any case, the socialist system is much better than the capitalist system that preys on the weak and harms others for its own benefit. Our system will be improved day by day, absorbing the progressive factors that we can absorb from countries around the world and becoming the best system in the world. This is something that capitalism absolutely cannot achieve." Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system have been continuously maturing in the process of eliminating institutional and mechanism drawbacks, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have comprehensively deepened reform, It fully demonstrates the strong self-improvement ability of China's national system and governance system. It can be expected that with the deepening of comprehensive reforms, China's national system and governance system will surely gain greater comparative advantages in international competition and demonstrate more vigorous vitality.
Third, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system have rich practical results."It is better to listen to words than to observe things, and it is better to observe things than to observe deeds." Whether our country's national system and national governance system are effective or not, practice is the best touchstone. In the 70 years since the founding of New China, our party has led the people to create two miracles rarely seen in the world. One is the miracle of rapid economic development. China has made great strides to catch up with the times, completed the industrialization process of developed countries for hundreds of years in decades, and leapt to the second largest economy in the world. Its comprehensive national strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, cultural influence and international influence have been significantly improved, people's living standards have been significantly improved, and the Chinese nation stands in the east of the world with a new attitude. The second is the miracle of long-term social stability. China has long maintained social harmony and stability, and its people live and work in peace and contentment, making it one of the most secure countries recognized by the international community. It can be said that in the history of the development of human civilization, except for the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system, no national system or national governance system can create the rapid economic development and long-term social development that my country has achieved in such a short historical period. Such a miracle of stability.
We must not only adhere to and consolidate my country's national system and national governance system that have been tested by long-term practice, but also improve and develop my country's national system and national governance system, and continue to better transform my country's institutional advantages into national governance efficiency.
I have repeatedly said that only the person who wears shoes knows whether they fit or not. Whether the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is good or not, whether it is superior or not, the Chinese people know best and have the most say. We must be determined and independent on this major political issue, and we must not lose our views or mess up ourselves. To be politically sensible comrades of the whole party, especially leading cadres at all levels, it is very important to strengthen self-confidence in the road, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics at all times and under any circumstances. we will truly achieve the "strong strength from thousands of blows, and let the east, west, north and south wind".
2. grasp the spirit of the plenary session and implement it
The plenary session made comprehensive arrangements and put forward clear requirements for upholding and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. We must plan scientifically, organize meticulously, combine far and near, and advance as a whole to ensure that the goals and tasks set by the plenary session are fully implemented. We must do a good job in three things, one is to persist and consolidate, the other is to improve and develop, and the third is to abide by and implement.
First, unswervingly adhere to and consolidate the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.The socialist system with Chinese characteristics is a rigorous and complete scientific system. The fundamental system, basic system, and important system play the role of four beams and eight pillars. Among them, the party's leadership system has the leading position. The leadership system of the Party is the fundamental leadership system of our country. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have clearly put forward that "the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and the party is the highest political leading force". The plenary session stressed that "we must adhere to the party, government, military and people's learning, East, West, South and North, the party is the leader of everything, resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Central Committee, improve the party's leadership system that takes charge of the overall situation and coordinates all parties, and implement the party's leadership in all aspects of national governance". This is the most valuable experience of the Party in leading the people in revolution, construction and reform. In order to promote the construction of systems in all aspects, promote the development of various undertakings, and strengthen and improve work in all aspects, we must adhere to the leadership of the party and consciously implement the fundamental requirements of the party to take charge of the overall situation and coordinate all parties.
This plenary session summed up practical experience and made some new generalizations on the basis of the fundamental system, basic system, and important system that our party has already clarified. For example, the basic socialist economic system is defined as "public ownership as the main body, multiple ownership economies. Development, distribution according to work as the main body, coexistence of multiple distribution methods, socialist market economic system and other basic socialist economic systems", clearly put forward the fundamental system of 'upholding the guiding position of marxism in the ideological field ", the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, the socialist administrative system with Chinese characteristics, the system for the prosperity and development of advanced socialist culture, the overall planning of the people's livelihood security system in urban and rural areas, the social governance system of co governance and sharing, the ecological civilization system, the party's absolute leadership system over the people's army, the" one country, two systems "system, and the party and state supervision system are also further elaborated.
On the morning of September 25, 2019, the commissioning ceremony of Beijing Daxing International Airport was held in Beijing. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission attended the ceremony and announced that the airport was officially put into operation and toured the terminal. This is Xi Jinping in the comprehensive transportation center to listen to the airport comprehensive transportation system construction introduction. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi/photo
The fundamental system, basic system and important system of socialism with Chinese characteristics are the institutional arrangements made for all aspects of the cause of the party and the state. Whether we are preparing development plans, promoting the construction of the rule of law, formulating policies and measures, or deploying various tasks, we must follow these systems without any deviation. We say that leading cadres, especially senior cadres, should enhance their political acumen and political discrimination, and improve their political ability. One of the most important things is that they must unswervingly adhere to these systems, and they must consciously compare standards and tables when thinking about problems, making decisions, and grasping implementation. When it comes to issues of direction, these regimes must be in sight. Major issues of right and wrong at the institutional level must be clear-cut and firm, without the slightest ambiguity. The key to the leadership and gatekeeping role of party committees (party groups) at all levels is to see whether the localities, departments, and units under their leadership have implemented and implemented these systems in various tasks. If it is truly implemented and implemented, there will be no problem in direction and no political problem.
Second, keep pace with the times to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system."All things are born to their own, and everything is born to their own." As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, my country's development is in a new historical position. The main contradiction in my country's society has been transformed into a contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. my country's national governance faces many New tasks and new requirements inevitably require the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system to be more complete and continuously developed.
The system is more mature and more stereotyped is a dynamic process, and the modernization of governance capacity is also a dynamic process, which can not be achieved overnight, nor can it be done once and for all. The goal of the construction of the national system and the national governance system we put forward must keep pace with the development of practice. We should not be too idealistic and eager for success, nor should we be blindly complacent and complacent.
In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi said in "The Theory of Thinking and Governing": "If you make it difficult, you will find it far away." It means to attack the most difficult and pursue the most ambitious goals. Many of the goals and tasks put forward by this plenary session are blank points and weak points in the construction of China's national system and national governance system, with distinct problem orientation. In actual work, we must highlight the fundamental system, basic system, and important system that support the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, focus on consolidating the foundation, promoting advantages, making up for shortcomings, strengths and weaknesses, and building a complete, scientific, standardized, and effective system. System.
To implement the spirit of the plenary session, we must closely integrate the various reform tasks that have been deployed to form an effective working mechanism for integrated promotion and implementation. It is necessary to investigate and sort out the completion of various reform tasks before, consolidate and deepen those that have been completed, and continue to advance those that have not yet been completed. It is also necessary to incorporate the tasks deployed by this plenary session into the work schedule in a timely manner to achieve organic convergence and connection, and ensure that solid results are achieved. Solid results.
Party committees (party groups) at all levels should, under the unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, closely integrate the actual conditions of their own departments and units in the region, promote system innovation and governance capacity building, and pay close attention to the systems urgently needed by the Party Central Committee for national governance and meet the people's new expectations for a better life. The necessary system is studied and deployed. It is necessary to encourage the grassroots to innovate and explore boldly, summarize and refine the effective governance concepts, governance methods, and governance methods created by the grassroots in a timely manner, and continuously promote the improvement and development of various systems. What needs to be emphasized is that all regions, departments and units must not only take the initiative to carry out system innovation and governance capacity building, but also follow the unified deployment of the Party Central Committee and the provisions of the national legal system. The key is to implement the goals and tasks set by the plenary session.
Third, strictly observe and implement the system.The vitality of the system lies in its implementation. Some people lack awe of the system, do not act in accordance with the system at all, and even change the system at will; some people do everything possible to exploit the loopholes in the system and play the edge ball; some people dare not and do not want to abide by the system, and even try to evade the supervision of the system, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the execution of the system and strengthen the supervision of the implementation of the system.
Party committees and governments at all levels, as well as leading cadres at all levels, should earnestly strengthen their awareness of the system, take the lead in safeguarding the authority of the system, set an example in the implementation of the system, ensure that major decisions and arrangements of the party and the state and major work arrangements are implemented in accordance with the requirements of the system, and effectively prevent the occurrence of problems such as separate governance, different standards, and leniency and strictness. Give full play to the important role of the system in guiding direction, standardizing behavior, improving efficiency. It is necessary to build a fully covered system implementation supervision mechanism, run the system implementation and supervision through the whole process of regional governance, departmental governance, industry governance, grass-roots governance and unit governance, resolutely put an end to the phenomenon of making choices, making changes and making discounts in the implementation of the system, and seriously investigate and deal with the behaviors that do not work, have prohibitions and violate the law, so as to ensure that the system is always powerful and effective. It is necessary to take the improvement of governance capabilities as a major task for the construction of the cadre team in the new era, and guide the majority of cadres to improve their entrepreneurial ability to use the system, perform their duties, exercise power, and carry out work in strict accordance with the system.
Party organizations at all levels, especially the propaganda departments of Party committees, should organize and carry out publicity and education on the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, guide the whole Party and the whole society to fully understand the essential characteristics and advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and fully understand that the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system have been hard won through long-term practice, and must be cherished; To improve and develop China's national system and national governance system, we must adhere to proceed from national conditions and reality, we should not only grasp the long-term historical inheritance, but also grasp the road, accumulated experience and formed principles of the party and the people in the construction of China's national system and national governance. We should not copy the system model of other countries. It is necessary to put the system self-confidence education through the whole process of national education, and sow the seeds of system self-confidence into the hearts of young people. It is necessary to actively innovate the discourse system, improve communication capabilities, tell the story of the Chinese system at home and abroad, and continuously enhance the persuasiveness and appeal of my country's national system and national governance system.
Party committees (Party groups) at all levels should, in accordance with the deployment of the Party Central Committee, carefully organize the propaganda of the spirit of the plenary session, and carry out hierarchical and classified publicity and education to the cadres and the masses, so as to ensure that the spirit of the plenary session is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the spirit of the plenary session. Relevant departments of the Central Committee should keep abreast of the progress of relevant work in various regions and departments and report to the Party Central Committee in a timely manner. Attention should be paid to summing up the good practices and experiences of various regions and departments in implementing the spirit of the plenary session. The Central Deep Reform Commission should coordinate the implementation of the various reform tasks deployed by the plenary session.
Comrades! Adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity is not only a long-term strategic task, but also a major practical issue. We should enhance our sense of political responsibility and historical mission, strengthen our confidence, maintain our determination, forge ahead, blaze new trails, and accomplish the tasks set by this plenary session, To provide a strong guarantee for the realization of the "two centenary" goals and the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(This is the main part of General Secretary Xi Jinping's speech at the second plenary session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee on October 31, 2019.)
Information source: Qiushi Magazine
