2.8 trillion yuan funds are accelerating their implementation and achieving results. The fiscal "through train" provides precise benefits to enterprises and the people
In 2021, the direct mechanism of fiscal funds was normalized, with a total amount of 2.8 trillion yuan. The latest data shows that in the first four months of this year, over 90% of direct funds have been disbursed to grassroots levels, with actual expenditures exceeding 1 trillion yuan. Recently, a reporter from the Economic Reference Daily went to Guangdong, Hubei, Shaanxi and other places to interview and learned that local governments are accelerating the progress of fund decomposition and refinement, and issuing funds to users as soon as possible to form actual expenditures. From the perspective of expenditure utilization, the focus of expenditure is tilted towards the grassroots level, and expenditures in key areas such as people's livelihood are effectively guaranteed.
The reporter learned that in the next step, the Ministry of Finance will further accelerate the allocation and implementation of remaining funds, gradually expand the scope of funds, gradually implement direct management of subsidies for benefiting enterprises and the people, as well as other funds that meet the conditions, and strictly supervise direct funds, further improving the mechanism of direct financial funds.
Accelerate implementation and achieve results. Over 90% of funds have been allocated to grassroots levels
The direct financial funding mechanism established in 2020 has provided important support for epidemic prevention and control, alleviating enterprise difficulties, and ensuring basic livelihood. Data shows that in 2020, the proportion of grassroots expenditures in cities and counties exceeded 96% of the actual expenditures formed by direct funds; A total of 837.9 billion yuan was spent to support enterprises in overcoming difficulties, benefiting 950000 market entities of various types.
This year, China has established a normalized mechanism for direct fiscal funds, with the scale of direct funds increasing from 1.7 trillion yuan last year to 2.8 trillion yuan, further focusing on grassroots "three guarantees" and projects that benefit enterprises and the people, and further improving the construction of relevant mechanisms.
How is the use of the 2.8 trillion yuan fund allocated? According to the latest data from the Ministry of Finance, based on the allocation of budget funds in the first four months of this year, over 90% of direct funds were allocated to grassroots and user units. After the budget targets were issued, the actual expenditure exceeded 1 trillion yuan, and the progress proportionally exceeded 40%.
Overall, the direct mechanism in the first four months has been strong, effective, and safe in place, playing an important role in offsetting the impact of some phased policy 'retreat' and promoting stable and positive economic growth. It has also laid a good foundation for achieving this year's major economic and social development goals, "said Liu Jinyun, Director of the Treasury Payment Center of the Ministry of Finance.
According to the reporter's research, the local government is accelerating the progress of fund decomposition and refinement, and promoting the implementation and effectiveness of relevant policies. According to the relevant person in charge of the Finance Department of Guangdong Province, as of May 13, 2021, Guangdong Province has received 62.554 billion yuan in direct central funds and 46.075 billion yuan in corresponding local arrangements, resulting in a total expenditure of 75.452 billion yuan, with a progress rate of 69.46%. A total of 87700 market entities and over 100 million beneficiaries have been reached.
The relevant person in charge of the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Finance introduced that as of April 30th this year, the central government has issued a budget target of 94.947 billion yuan for direct funds in Shaanxi Province, and the provincial finance has allocated 88.247 billion yuan, with a progress rate of 92.9%; Expenditure was 49.129 billion yuan, with a progress rate of 51.7%.
Precision benefits for enterprises, benefits for the people, and basic livelihood have received key support
从资金的支出结构看，直达资金的使用重点突出，保居民就业、保基本民生、保市场主体等获得重点支持。
保基本民生成为直达资金支出的“大头”。数据显示，今年前4个月各地用于养老、义务教育、基本医疗、基本住房等基本民生方面的支出，超过了7400亿元，占总支出的近七成。
记者从广东省财政厅了解到，在支持保基本民生方面，2021年广东省中央城镇保障性安居工程资金下达地市14.39亿元，大力推动了全省棚户区改造和老旧小区改造相关工作。
湖北省则着力做好疫情防控、补齐公共卫生服务体系短板。湖北省财政厅相关负责人介绍，中央对抗疫特别国债资金集中用于支持疾控机构、医院传染病区、实验室、发热门诊、重大疫情救治基地等建设。2020年安排抗疫特别国债支持公共卫生补短板资金358亿元，占全省抗疫特别国债的82%。
在支持保市场主体方面，据不完全统计，今年前4个月相关惠企资金累计支出超过1500亿元，惠及各类市场主体达28万家，激发了市场主体活力，增强了企业发展后劲。
“2020年全省安排10亿元乘用车购置补贴支持汽车生产企业走出困境；安排20亿元用于‘惠游湖北’支持旅行社恢复营业和景区免费开放，4个多月接待游客7740万人次。‘大疫’之年，湖北省没有发生企业规模性倒闭、职工规模性失业。”湖北省财政厅相关负责人对记者说。
在支持保居民就业方面，财政部数据显示，初步匡算，就业补助和普惠金融支持创业等方面，资金支出超过110亿元，支持落实就业优先政策，稳定就业总体形势。
广东省佛山德芮可制药有限公司是一家以药品制剂技术研究开发为主的企业，现用工规模约300人。该企业自2018年按规定申请就业补贴。截至2021年第一季度，佛山市南海区人社局向该公司发放小微企业社保补贴、一次性吸纳就业补贴 （毕业2年内高校毕业生）共约35.9万元，其中2021年第一季度发放小微企业社保补贴约4.1万元。“社保扶持政策大大降低了企业用工成本。同时与小微企业社保补贴相配套的基层就业补贴，鼓励了高校毕业生到小微企业就业，一定程度缓解了公司的招聘压力。”该公司相关负责人对记者说。
多举措加码发力 确保资金尽快发挥效用
下一步，为确保资金落地到位，尽快发挥效用，记者获悉，财政部将继续加快资金下达落实。“我们将根据有关工作进展情况和地方对于资金的实际需求，会同有关部门加快测算审核，尽快将剩余资金下达到位。”财政部副部长许宏才说。
此外，严格直达资金监管，强化资金监测调度，加强对地方督促指导。许宏才表示，将动态跟踪直达资金的分配、拨付和使用情况，及时发现、纠正问题，建立健全重大问题通报约谈制度，确保直达资金规范安全高效使用。引导地方在中央直达资金基础上因地制宜扩大当地直达资金的范围和规模，进一步放大直达机制效果。同时，密切跟踪直达机制实施进展，结合地方反映的新情况、新问题，及时完善常态化直达机制有关管理措施。
关于直达资金规模，财政部预算司司长李敬辉介绍，将结合实施情况，逐步扩大资金范围，逐步将惠企利民补助资金以及具备条件的其他资金实行直达管理。“必须直达的都要直达，符合条件的或者有效果的要逐步纳到这里面来。”
记者采访了解到，为管好用好直达资金，防止资金挤占挪用、沉淀闲置，各地也着力做好各项管理工作。例如，为推动资金直达市县基层，广东省财政厅研究制定了全省管理办法和常态化对账机制，将直达资金使用管理情况纳入市县财政绩效考核。另外落实每日支出通报、每周预警通报、每月情况报告机制，保障资金安全。
Information source: Economic Reference Report
